Bernhard Letterhaus: Astrological Article and Chart

Horoscope and chart of Bernhard Letterhaus

^* A planet less than 1° from the next House cusp is considered to be posited in the said House. 2° when the AS and the MC are involved

Astrological portrait of Bernhard Letterhaus (excerpt)

Disclaimer: these short excerpts of astrological charts are computer processed. They are, by no means, of a personal nature. This principle is valid for the celebrities included in our database. These texts provide the meanings of planets, or combination of planets, in signs and in houses, as well as the interpretations of planetary dominants in line with modern Western astrology rules. Moreover, since Astrotheme is not a polemic website, no negative aspect which may damage the good reputation of a celebrity is posted here, unlike in the comprehensive astrological portrait.

Introduction

Here are some character traits from Bernhard Letterhaus's birth chart. This description is far from being comprehensive but it can shed light on his/her personality, which is still interesting for professional astrologers or astrology lovers.

The dominant planets of Bernhard Letterhaus

When interpreting a natal chart, the best method is to start gradually from general features to specific ones. Thus, there is usually a plan to be followed, from the overall analysis of the chart and its structure, to the description of its different character traits.

In the first part, an overall analysis of the chart enables us to figure out the personality's main features and to emphasize several points that are confirmed or not in the detailed analysis: in any case, those general traits are taken into account. Human personality is an infinitely intricate entity and describing it is a complex task. Claiming to rapidly summarize it is illusory, although it does not mean that it is an impossible challenge. It is essential to read a natal chart several times in order to absorb all its different meanings and to grasp all this complexity. But the exercise is worthwhile.

In brief, a natal chart is composed of ten planets: two luminaries, the Sun and the Moon, three fast-moving or individual planets, Mercury, Venus and Mars, two slow-moving planets, Jupiter and Saturn, and three very slow-moving planets, Uranus, Neptune and Pluto. Additional secondary elements are: the Lunar Nodes, the Dark Moon or Lilith, Chiron and other minor objects. They are all posited on the Zodiac wheel consisting of twelve signs, from Aries to Pisces, and divided into twelve astrological houses.

The first step is to evaluate the importance of each planet. This is what we call identifying the dominant planets. This process obeys rules that depend on the astrologer's sensitivity and experience but it also has precise and steady bases: thus, we can take into account the parameters of a planet's activity (the number of active aspects a planet forms, the importance of each aspect according to its nature and its exactness), angularity parameters; (proximity to the four angles, Ascendant, Midheaven, Descendant and Imum Coeli or Nadir, all of them being evaluated numerically, according to the kind of angle and the planet-angle distance) and quality parameters (rulership, exaltation, exile and fall). Finally, other criteria such as the rulership of the Ascendant and the Midheaven etc. are important.

These different criteria allow a planet to be highlighted and lead to useful conclusions when interpreting the chart.

The overall chart analysis begins with the observation of three sorts of planetary distributions in the chart: Eastern or Western hemisphere, Northern or Southern hemisphere, and quadrants (North-eastern, North-western, South-eastern and South-western). These three distributions give a general tone in terms of introversion and extraversion, willpower, sociability, and behavioural predispositions.

Then, there are three additional distributions: elements (called triplicity since there are three groups of signs for each one) - Fire, Air, Earth and Water - corresponding to a character typology, modality (or quadruplicity with four groups of signs for each one) - Cardinal, Fixed and Mutable - and polarity (Yin and Yang).

There are three types of dominants: dominant planets, dominant signs and dominant houses. The novice thinks astrology means only "to be Aries" or sometimes, for example, "to be Aries Ascendant Virgo". It is actually far more complex. Although the Sun and the Ascendant alone may reveal a large part of the character - approximately a third or a half of your psychological signature, a person is neither "just the Sun" (called the sign) nor just "the first house" (the Ascendant). Thus, a particular planet's influence may be significantly increased; a particular sign or house may contain a group of planets that will bring nuances and sometimes weaken the role of the Ascendant, of the Sun sign etc.

Lastly, there are two other criteria: accentuations (angular, succedent and cadent) which are a classification of astrological houses and types of decanates that are occupied (each sign is divided into three decanates of ten degrees each). They provide some additional informations.

These general character traits must not be taken literally; they are, somehow, preparing for the chart reading. They allow to understand the second part of the analysis, which is more detailed and precise. It focuses on every area of the personality and provides a synthesis of all the above-mentioned parameters according to sound hierarchical rules.

Astrological Quadrants for Bernhard Letterhaus

Each quadrant is a combination of the four hemispheres of your birth chart and relates to a character typology. The Southern hemisphere – the top of your chart, around the Midheaven – is associated with extraversion, action, and public life, whereas the Northern hemisphere prompts to introversion, reflexion, and private life. The Eastern hemisphere – the left part, around the Ascendant – is linked to your ego and your willpower, whereas the Western hemisphere indicates how other people influence you, and how flexible you are when you make a decision.

Bernhard Letterhaus, the diurnal South-western quadrant, consisting of the 7th, 8th and 9th houses, prevails in your chart: this sector brings about a thirst for communication and sometimes a need to take risks in your dealings with others. Relations are a factor of your evolution and your transformation, which you accept serenely. Indeed, what matters to you is the movement and the energy that link you to others and that make you gain more awareness. A kind of rebellion or a desire to get away from it all is rooted in you.

Elements, Modes and House Accentuations for Bernhard Letterhaus

Bernhard Letterhaus, here are the graphs of your Elements and Modes, based on planets' position and angles in the twelve signs:

Cheers for communication and mobility, Bernhard Letterhaus! The predominance of Air signs in your chart favours and amplifies your taste for relations and for all kinds of short trips, whether real (travels) or symbolic (new ideas, mind speculations). You gain in flexibility and adaptability what you lose in self-assertion or in pragmatism.

Bernhard Letterhaus, Fire is dominant in your natal chart and endows you with intuition, energy, courage, self-confidence, and enthusiasm! You are inclined to be passionate, you assert your willpower, you move forward, and come hell or high water, you achieve your dreams and your goals. The relative weakness of this element is the difficulty to step back or a kind of boldness that may prompt you to do foolish things.

Earth qualities are under-represented in your chart, with only 0.00% instead of the average 25%. Deficiency in Earth may indicate that you have no interest in material and concrete values. It is likely that you live too much in your heart or in your mind, or even in your enthusiasm! The fact remains that you may end up in tricky situations, due to your lack of good sense or forethought: material life is unavoidable even if you are rather idealistic, dreamy, or easily content. You must tackle concrete life necessities, for fear of... being forced to cope with them, later, in much more unpleasant ways!

The twelve zodiacal signs are split up into three groups or modes, called quadruplicities, a learned word meaning only that these three groups include four signs. The Cardinal, Fixed and Mutable modes are more or less represented in your natal chart, depending on planets' positions and importance, and on angles in the twelve signs.

The Mutable mode is the most emphasized one in your natal chart, Bernhard Letterhaus, which indicates a mobile character that is curious and thirsty for new experiences and evolution. You are lively and flexible, and you like to react quickly to solicitations, but don't confuse mobility with agitation, since this is the danger with this configuration - and with you, stagnation is out of the question. Security doesn't matter as long as you are not bored. You optimize, you change things, you change yourself... all this in a speedy way.

Houses are split up into three groups: angular, succedent and cadent.

The first ones are the most important ones, the most "noticeable" and energetic houses. They are the 1st, 4th, 7th and 10th houses. Their cuspides correspond to four famous angles: Ascendant for the 1st house, Imum Coeli for the 4th house, Descendant, opposite the Ascendant, for the 7th house and Midheaven for the 10th house, opposite the Imum Coeli.

Planets are evaluated according to a whole set of criteria that includes comprehensive Western astrology rules. At their turn, planets emphasize specific types of houses, signs, repartitions etc., as previously explained.

Your angular houses, namely, the 1st, 4th, 7th and 10th houses, are very emphasized in your chart, Bernhard Letterhaus: according to the Tradition, they are the strongest and most dynamic houses. Should the rest of your chart concur, angular houses suggest that you are an enterprising, energetic and assertive man. Indeed, angular houses are said to generate impulsions and to give a powerful and domineering personality.

Unusual fates are often linked to a predominance of angular houses, but this is only a partial indication...

N.B.: this dominant is a minor one.

Dominants: Planets, Signs and Houses for Bernhard Letterhaus

The issue of dominant planets has existed since the mists of time in astrology: how nice it would be if a person could be described with a few words and one or several planets that would represent their character, without having to analyse such elements as rulerships, angularities, houses, etc!

The ten planets - the Sun throughout Pluto - are a bit like ten characters in a role-play, each one has its own personality, its own way of acting, its own strengths and weaknesses. They actually represent a classification into ten distinct personalities, and astrologers have always tried to associate one or several dominant planets to a natal chart as well as dominant signs and houses.

Indeed, it is quite the same situation with signs and houses. If planets symbolize characters, signs represent hues - the mental, emotional and physical structures of an individual. The sign in which a planet is posited is like a character whose features are modified according to the place where he lives. In a chart, there are usually one, two or three highlighted signs that allow to rapidly describe its owner.

Regarding astrological houses, the principle is even simpler: the twelve houses correspond to twelve fields of life, and planets tenanting any given house increase that house's importance and highlight all relevant life departments: it may be marriage, work, friendship etc.

In your natal chart, Bernhard Letterhaus, the ten main planets are distributed as follows:

The three most important planets in your chart are Venus, Mars and Pluto.

With Venus among your dominant planets, one of your first reflexes is... to please! Your look, your charm, and your seduction are omnipresent elements in your behaviour.

Your approach to things is connected to your heart, and for you, no real communication can flow if your interlocutors exude no sympathy or warmth. Cold and logical reasoning, clear thoughts and good sense are not important to you: if there is no affective bond with your environment, no connection can be established with the Venusian that you are, and nothing happens.

You have a strong artistic side, and you never neglect subjective but clear concepts such as pleasure, beauty, and also sensuality. However, sometimes to the detriment of efficiency, durability, logic, and... detachment.

Mars is one of your dominant planets and provides you with its efficient energy and enthusiasm: with a powerful Mars in your chart, action - but also will and ability to undertake - is not an empty word for you. You are active, dynamic, willing to fight, courageous, and you are never afraid to move mountains, even though risks are part of the adventures that you start with determination.

However, your patience is not always up to your boldness and a kind of feverishness, or even anger, can tarnish the quality of your achievements. That would be a pity since the Marsian is a champion in matters of efficiency! Mars symbolizes display of action, conquering spirit that favours discipline and order - beware of not being fussy - and lies at the frontier between action and brutality, between conquest and potential aggressiveness.

With Pluto as a dominant planet in your chart, you are a magnetic and mighty predator, like the Scorpio sign ruled by this planet, who needs to exert pressure on others in order to "test" them. You are always ready to evolve, to risk destruction for reconstruction - including your own - to live more intensely whilst imposing your secret authority on things and on people you encounter.

You may come across as wicked, cruel or too authoritarian, but actually you only follow your instinct, you sound people out, and you like to exert your domination simply because your vital energy is too powerful to remain inside. You are inclined to be passionate, with hidden motivations. You are sometimes misunderstood but one of your great Plutonian assets is to go successfully through each life ordeal with ever growing strength.

In your natal chart, the three most important signs - according to criteria mentioned above - are in decreasing order of strength Gemini, Libra and Sagittarius. In general, these signs are important because your Ascendant or your Sun is located there. But this is not always the case: there may be a cluster of planets, or a planet may be near an angle other than the Midheaven or Ascendant. It may also be because two or three planets are considered to be very active because they form numerous aspects from these signs.

Thus, you display some of the three signs' characteristics, a bit like a superposition of features on the rest of your chart, and it is all the more so if the sign is emphasized.

With Gemini as a dominant sign, your qualities include being lively, curious, mobile, clever, and flexible: you often make others dizzy, and you may come across as a dilettante - a bit inquisitive, shallow, and insensitive because you may be too intellectualizing. However, your natural curiosity, a nice quality, and your quick humour, allow you to demonstrate to everyone how much they may gain from your company, and that your apparent flightiness hides an appetite (particularly mental) for life, which itself conceals a terrific charm!

With Libra as a dominant sign in your natal chart, you love to please, to charm, and to be likeable. Moreover, you are naturally inclined towards tolerance and moderation, as well as elegance and tact, as if you were meant to please! Of course, you always find malcontents who criticize your lack of authenticity or of courage and your half-heartedness, but your aim is to be liked, and in this field, you are an unrivalled champion!

Sagittarius, an adventurous and conquering fire sign, is dominant in your chart: you are enthusiastic, enterprising, optimistic, very sociable, and mobile - you have itchy feet, both physically and mentally. Nobody gets bored with you because you are always planning things and suggesting excursions, at least... when you are around and not already gone on a trip! Obviously, so many movements for one man may scare people off, and some of them may even criticize your brutality or your tendency to loose your temper, but you are so warm and genuine, so expansive, isn't this a good thing? And all the more so, since your sense of humour is overwhelming...

The 7th, 10th and 8th houses are the most prominent ones in your birth chart. From the analysis of the most tenanted houses, the astrologer identifies your most significant fields or spheres of activity. They deal with what you are experiencing - or what you will be brought to experience one day - or they deal with your inner motivations.

Your 7th house is one of your dominant houses: it symbolizes other people, marriages, associations, contracts, and partnerships. Your personal achievement and maybe your problems - depending on the rest of your chart - are mainly influenced by your rapports with others, the area in which you tend to commit yourself a lot. You appreciate communication, and you give importance to others' opinions. Success requires the support of others, which seems obvious and natural to you. Your marriage generally contributes to your fulfilment.

With a prominent 10th house, your destiny's achievement may be very notable: the 10th house represents your career, your public life, and your ambitions. A good deal of your energy may thus be used to successfully implement what you have in mind. Instinctively, you are very keen to make your dreams come true. Sooner or later, you will deal with the public, and your personal achievement will go through trials and ordeals: other people and visible actions.

Your 8th house is very highlighted: it is the most complex house of the Zodiac. It symbolizes above all passion and transformation, which often go hand in hand. Indeed, you have a tendency to experience everything to the bitter end, and you overstep propriety borders because you want to understand everything, even what is... forbidden. This house relates to complex spheres such as sexuality, possessions and dispossessions that don't depend on you (inheritances, donations, sudden financial losses), death too - not yours in particular, so, don't worry! - and understanding of hidden or occult things: here are the fields that affect you generally, because you are naturally interested in them or because life gets you involved in spite of yourself.

After this paragraph about dominant planets, of Bernhard Letterhaus, here are the character traits that you must read more carefully than the previous texts since they are very specific: the texts about dominant planets only give background information about the personality and remain quite general: they emphasize or, on the contrary, mitigate different particularities or facets of a personality. A human being is a complex whole and only bodies of texts can attempt to successfully figure out all the finer points.

The Moon in Libra and in House 10: his sensitivity

Vous êtes sensible Bernhard Letterhaus à la beauté des choses et vos réactions émotionnelles sont souvent d'ordre esthétique car vous recherchez, jusque dans les apparences, l'équilibre et l'harmonie si nécessaires à votre bien-être. Vous identifiant avec une grande facilité aux uns et aux autres, vous êtes doué pour mettre en valeur ce qu'il y a de meilleur en eux et résoudre avec tact et diplomatie leurs problèmes. Mais, pesant toujours le pour et le contre et essayant de dire ou faire ce qui plait à vos interlocuteurs, vous risquez de développer une trop grande dépendance aux autres tant vous souhaitez leur approbation. Cette indécision constante peut être difficile à vivre autant pour vous-même que pour votre entourage car elle vous pousse plus à la contemplation qu'à la création et vous êtes souvent tenté de remettre à plus tard ce que vous avez à faire, à moins que vous ne préfériez user de votre charme pour que l'on se décide à faire le travail à votre place. Mais tant que règne l'harmonie... n'est-ce pas l'essentiel ?

Votre carrière ou votre accomplissement professionnel, Bernhard Letterhaus, sont les domaines où vos émotions vont pouvoir être abondamment canalisées. Souvent populaire, notamment auprès des femmes, vous avez en vous l'instinct de plaire au public et à la foule. Cette popularité est souvent due à votre côté changeant, léger,... (excerpt)

Mercury in Leo and in House 8: his intellect and social life

Vous avez Bernhard Letterhaus une énergie intellectuelle et nerveuse considérable, un bon pouvoir de concentration et une grande détermination. Ne manquant ni de qualités de planification et d'organisation ni d'enthousiasme, vous vous montrez d'une grande serviabilité pour aider à résoudre les problèmes d'autrui et êtes considéré comme une personne sur laquelle on peut compter, ce qui n'est pas pour vous déplaire. En effet, une grande confiance en vos capacités vous anime et vous avez parfois tendance à parler de façon quelque peu exagérée ou théâtrale afin d'attirer l'attention sur vous. Et gare à celui qui ne partagerait pas vos opinions ! Plus que déterminé, vous saurez alors vous montrer entêté et inflexible car vous n'admettrez pas facilement que l'on trouve à redire sur vos idées ou réalisations. Certains pourraient y voir une manière autoritaire de s'imposer avec même parfois une légère condescendance, mais cela, vous n'en serez pas conscient et continuerez donc de penser que vous avez raison.

Vous aimez comprendre, explorer l'inconnu, éclaircir les mystères et vous plonger dans les domaines cachés de l'inconscient ou de l'au-delà, à ce qui vous échappe finalement, Bernhard Letterhaus. Aller plus loin, ne pas vous contenter de l'évident va de soi, vous n'êtes pas sur terre pour stagner... (excerpt)

Venus in Gemini and in House 7, and the Sun in Cancer: his affectivity and seductiveness

Dans votre thème, le Soleil est en Cancer, Vénus en Gémeaux. Deux signes aussi différents que le Cancer et les Gémeaux ne peuvent que forger une affectivité riche parce que contrastée, complexe parce qu'obéissant à deux modes antinomiques : au désir de découverte d'une Vénus Gémeaux s'oppose l'idéal de sécurité d'un Soleil Cancer. L'une est fonction d'apprentissage et se nourrit de la multiplicité des expériences. L'autre est fonction de protection et tend à isoler le couple pour laisser pleinement s'épanouir l'échange et la fusion entre deux êtres. Il importe ici de trouver un équilibre entre deux tendances d'égale importance sans doute : vivre des émotions renouvelées sans mettre en péril le caractère absolu et unique de la relation, c'est laisser à l'affectivité une certaine liberté, et cela dans le respect mutuel et la confiance réciproque. Liberté, pas infidélité ! Car l'importance de la cellule-couple une et indivisible est chez vous plus marquée encore qu'à l'ordinaire. Vous montrez du reste un caractère possessif, exclusif. Mais il faut à une Vénus Gémeaux son lot d'émotions variées. Et le quotidien tue à moyen terme le désir. Sans doute avez-vous tendance à instaurer un mode de fonctionnement ludique en couple : caprices et fantaisie alimentent une amitié solide. Cette condition respectée, vous savez bâtir une relation de tendresse jamais stérile, jamais enfermée dans d'inextricables et fatales habitudes.

Est-ce aimer ou bien plaire qui vous anime vraiment ? Bernhard Letterhaus, vous avez un tel charme et un tel bagout que vous réussissez facilement à être ce que l'on appelle un tombeur. Sentiments et intellect sont si intimement mêlés que vous ne savez parfois plus vous-même si vous aimez vraiment ou bien si vous jouez un rôle. Vous avez le goût du flirt, de la variété et vous appréciez beaucoup les situations compliquées où plus personne ne sait vraiment où est la réalité. Vous passez d'un jeu à l'autre, tout est matière à séduire pour vous, que ce soit dans vos attitudes, votre discours où votre façon de vous habiller, vous ne séparez pas vos actions de votre souci de plaire et gare à ceux qui ne l'ont pas compris car ils peuvent alors prendre au pied de la lettre vos mots si doux et si bien tournés et en souffrir tant la déconvenue peut être cruelle : pour vous, il ne s'agissait que de l'instant et vous ne vous engagez pour ainsi dire jamais car vous détestez par dessus tout l'enfermement même dans l'idée.

Bernhard Letterhaus, votre chaleur et votre séduction sont au service de votre futur ou actuel mariage ! Vénus en maison 7 vous apporte un aspect d'engagement, de demande de réciprocité et de concret dans l'expression de vos sentiments, et fait naturellement place belle à votre désir d'être... (excerpt)

The Ascendant is in Sagittarius and the ruler of the Ascendant is Jupiter, in Gemini: his behaviour

The ruler of the Ascendant, also referred to as the chart ruler, brings a few interesting nuances to the meanings provided by the Sun and the Ascendant. The sign in which the ruler of the Ascendant is posited fine-tunes the style of personality described by the Sun and the Ascendant. It may strengthen it if the sign is identical to either of them.

The ruler of the Ascendant, Bernhard Letterhaus, is Jupiter. In the sign of Gemini, it endows you with flexibility and the capacity to undertake several things simultaneously, sometimes at the risk of spreading yourself too thing and getting discouraged. Your innate communication skills match your insatiable curiosity for people and for things.

The Sun in Cancer and in House 8: his will and inner motivations

Psychologiquement, vous êtes d'une nature rêveuse, tournée vers la nostalgie du passé, vers la mère, vers la famille : tout en instinct, tout en protection ou défense de votre être vis-à-vis de l'extérieur, vous possédez une vie intérieure riche, une imagination fertile voire même infinie, une propension à éviter tout risque inutile, à rechercher la sécurité en ne vous  dévoilant que lorsque la confiance est là, une nostalgie du passé pour le sentiment de bien-être qu'il vous rappelle.

Né avec la marque de ce signe, vous êtes émotif, sentimental, paisible, imaginatif, sensible, fidèle, résistant, protecteur, vulnérable, généreux, romantique, tendre, poète, paternel ou maternel, rêveur, indolent, gourmand, dévoué, mais vous pouvez aussi être craintif, irréaliste, fuyant, passif, susceptible, angoissé, dépendant, entêté, lunatique, passéiste, paresseux, pesant, casanier ou hermétique.

L'amour au masculin : pour vous, Bernhard Letterhaus, en amour, vous êtes un tendre, un sensible, plutôt fidèle. Influencé par votre mère, vous recherchez inconsciemment une compagne qui vous apportera autant d'attention et d'affection que vous en receviez dans votre enfance. Casanier mais rêveur, vous vous épanouirez dans votre cocon familial au milieu de la famille que vous aurez créée, rêvant d'aventures et de voyages extraordinaires... que vous réaliserez quand même quelquefois mais surtout dans votre tête.

La tendresse compte pour vous plus que la sexualité même si elle est également un facteur de sécurité et de stabilité. Vous appréciez énormément de redevenir le petit enfant gâté que vous étiez, savourant les petits plats ou recevant les compliments réguliers dont vous avez tant besoin pour vous sentir rassuré.

Vous êtes sans doute à l'abri des drames, des complications de la vie car au moment même où une situation délicate intervient, vous préférez souvent la tuer dans l'oeuf en n'y donnant pas suite ou en rentrant dans votre coquille tranquillement, et en y ressortant quand l'orage est passé.

Votre foyer sera généralement heureux et riche, calme et harmonieux dans la durée.

Une chose est certaine, Bernhard Letterhaus, vos motivations ne peuvent être facilement cernées tant cette configuration est un petit peu à part et plutôt compliquée. Tout ce qui est du domaine des émotions est amplifié pour vous, vous avez tendance à mettre de la passion dans presque... (excerpt)

Mars in Aries and in House 4: his ability to take action

Impulsif, impatient, rapide et énergique vous ? Oui bien sûr, Bernhard Letterhaus. Vous êtes courageux et  capable d'efforts intenses et très importants sur une courte durée ; et quel rythme ! Que ce soit dans le sport ou bien sur le plan de la sexualité, vous n'êtes pas du genre à réfléchir, vous agissez, un peu "à la hussarde" et instinctivement. Vous parlez avec franchise sans vous soucier de l'opinion de l'autre et surtout sans supporter qu'il ne vous freine ou qu'il ne vous juge. Avec vous, cela passe ou cela casse, ce qui fait que tous vos échanges relationnels ne s'embarrassent pas de diplomatie ou de compromis. Vous êtes trop franc et trop entier pour perdre du temps avec de la finesse ou de la ruse mais c'est ce qui fait votre charme d'un certain côté car avec vous au moins, on sait à quoi s'en tenir.

C'est dans la sphère privée que l'on peut apercevoir vos capacités d'action, Bernhard Letterhaus. Extérieurement, dans le travail ou ailleurs, vous n'aimez guère vous " lâcher ". Dès que vous retrouvez votre foyer en revanche, pas de doute, vous changez presque d'identité, vous êtes actif, énergique, voulez améliorer... (excerpt)

Conclusion

This text is only an excerpt from the portrait of of Bernhard Letterhaus, which we hope will inspire you to deepen your knowledge of astrology.

Regarding the sources of the birth data in our possession, kindly note that the pages we publish constitute a starting point for more detailed research, even though they seem useful to us. When the sources are contradictory, which occurs rarely, after having analysed them, we choose the most reliable one. Sometimes, we publish a birth date just because it is made available, but we do not claim that is it the best one, by no means.