Wolf-Heinrich Graf von Helldorf: Astrological Article and Chart

Horoscope and chart of Wolf-Heinrich Graf von Helldorf

^* A planet less than 1° from the next House cusp is considered to be posited in the said House. 2° when the AS and the MC are involved

Astrological portrait of Wolf-Heinrich Graf von Helldorf (excerpt)

Disclaimer: these short excerpts of astrological charts are computer processed. They are, by no means, of a personal nature. This principle is valid for the celebrities included in our database. These texts provide the meanings of planets, or combination of planets, in signs and in houses, as well as the interpretations of planetary dominants in line with modern Western astrology rules. Moreover, since Astrotheme is not a polemic website, no negative aspect which may damage the good reputation of a celebrity is posted here, unlike in the comprehensive astrological portrait.

Introduction

Here are some character traits from Wolf-Heinrich Graf von Helldorf's birth chart. This description is far from being comprehensive but it can shed light on his/her personality, which is still interesting for professional astrologers or astrology lovers.

The dominant planets of Wolf-Heinrich Graf von Helldorf

When interpreting a natal chart, the best method is to start gradually from general features to specific ones. Thus, there is usually a plan to be followed, from the overall analysis of the chart and its structure, to the description of its different character traits.

In the first part, an overall analysis of the chart enables us to figure out the personality's main features and to emphasize several points that are confirmed or not in the detailed analysis: in any case, those general traits are taken into account. Human personality is an infinitely intricate entity and describing it is a complex task. Claiming to rapidly summarize it is illusory, although it does not mean that it is an impossible challenge. It is essential to read a natal chart several times in order to absorb all its different meanings and to grasp all this complexity. But the exercise is worthwhile.

In brief, a natal chart is composed of ten planets: two luminaries, the Sun and the Moon, three fast-moving or individual planets, Mercury, Venus and Mars, two slow-moving planets, Jupiter and Saturn, and three very slow-moving planets, Uranus, Neptune and Pluto. Additional secondary elements are: the Lunar Nodes, the Dark Moon or Lilith, Chiron and other minor objects. They are all posited on the Zodiac wheel consisting of twelve signs, from Aries to Pisces, and divided into twelve astrological houses.

The first step is to evaluate the importance of each planet. This is what we call identifying the dominant planets. This process obeys rules that depend on the astrologer's sensitivity and experience but it also has precise and steady bases: thus, we can take into account the parameters of a planet's activity (the number of active aspects a planet forms, the importance of each aspect according to its nature and its exactness), angularity parameters; (proximity to the four angles, Ascendant, Midheaven, Descendant and Imum Coeli or Nadir, all of them being evaluated numerically, according to the kind of angle and the planet-angle distance) and quality parameters (rulership, exaltation, exile and fall). Finally, other criteria such as the rulership of the Ascendant and the Midheaven etc. are important.

These different criteria allow a planet to be highlighted and lead to useful conclusions when interpreting the chart.

The overall chart analysis begins with the observation of three sorts of planetary distributions in the chart: Eastern or Western hemisphere, Northern or Southern hemisphere, and quadrants (North-eastern, North-western, South-eastern and South-western). These three distributions give a general tone in terms of introversion and extraversion, willpower, sociability, and behavioural predispositions.

Then, there are three additional distributions: elements (called triplicity since there are three groups of signs for each one) - Fire, Air, Earth and Water - corresponding to a character typology, modality (or quadruplicity with four groups of signs for each one) - Cardinal, Fixed and Mutable - and polarity (Yin and Yang).

There are three types of dominants: dominant planets, dominant signs and dominant houses. The novice thinks astrology means only "to be Aries" or sometimes, for example, "to be Aries Ascendant Virgo". It is actually far more complex. Although the Sun and the Ascendant alone may reveal a large part of the character - approximately a third or a half of your psychological signature, a person is neither "just the Sun" (called the sign) nor just "the first house" (the Ascendant). Thus, a particular planet's influence may be significantly increased; a particular sign or house may contain a group of planets that will bring nuances and sometimes weaken the role of the Ascendant, of the Sun sign etc.

Lastly, there are two other criteria: accentuations (angular, succedent and cadent) which are a classification of astrological houses and types of decanates that are occupied (each sign is divided into three decanates of ten degrees each). They provide some additional informations.

These general character traits must not be taken literally; they are, somehow, preparing for the chart reading. They allow to understand the second part of the analysis, which is more detailed and precise. It focuses on every area of the personality and provides a synthesis of all the above-mentioned parameters according to sound hierarchical rules.

Astrological Quadrants for Wolf-Heinrich Graf von Helldorf

Each quadrant is a combination of the four hemispheres of your birth chart and relates to a character typology. The Southern hemisphere – the top of your chart, around the Midheaven – is associated with extraversion, action, and public life, whereas the Northern hemisphere prompts to introversion, reflexion, and private life. The Eastern hemisphere – the left part, around the Ascendant – is linked to your ego and your willpower, whereas the Western hemisphere indicates how other people influence you, and how flexible you are when you make a decision.

Wolf-Heinrich Graf von Helldorf, the nocturnal North-eastern quadrant, consisting of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd houses, prevails in your chart: this sector favours self-assertion and material security to the detriment of your perception of others. You consider self-transformation to be a hazardous adventure. You are inclined to seek stability and you tend to protect yourself with your actions. Possession, acquisition but also communication, without opening up too much, are part of your deep motivations. You are rather autonomous and constant, however it is important that you pay more attention to others, so that you can improve your outcomes.

Elements, Modes and House Accentuations for Wolf-Heinrich Graf von Helldorf

Wolf-Heinrich Graf von Helldorf, here are the graphs of your Elements and Modes, based on planets' position and angles in the twelve signs:

Cheers for communication and mobility, Wolf-Heinrich Graf von Helldorf! The predominance of Air signs in your chart favours and amplifies your taste for relations and for all kinds of short trips, whether real (travels) or symbolic (new ideas, mind speculations). You gain in flexibility and adaptability what you lose in self-assertion or in pragmatism.

The predominance of Water signs indicates high sensitivity and elevation through feelings, Wolf-Heinrich Graf von Helldorf. Your heart and your emotions are your driving forces, and you can't do anything on Earth if you don't feel a strong affective charge (as a matter of fact, the word "feeling" is essential in your psychology). You need to love in order to understand, and to feel in order to take action, which causes a certain vulnerability which you should fight against.

Fire's qualities are not very present in your chart, with only 0.00% instead of the average 25%, which means that you may lack warmth, enthusiasm, conquering spirit, or energy. You may look indifferent to others, with almost no desire, no joy of life or no enterprising ability. Actually, it is not true, but you should let go, force yourself to be more daring, and show your amazement as well as your vitality. You certainly have as much energy as others, you just need to release it, and it is up to you to display more of it, since it will be all to your benefit: shout, sing, pull faces, dance! That's the right mean for you... In the end, you'll never be accused of being sad, phlegmatic or a killjoy!

The twelve zodiacal signs are split up into three groups or modes, called quadruplicities, a learned word meaning only that these three groups include four signs. The Cardinal, Fixed and Mutable modes are more or less represented in your natal chart, depending on planets' positions and importance, and on angles in the twelve signs.

Wolf-Heinrich Graf von Helldorf, the Cardinal mode is dominant here and indicates a predisposition to action, and more exactly, to impulsion and to undertake: you are very keen to implement the plans you have in mind, to get things going and to create them. This is the most important aspect that inspires enthusiasm and adrenalin in you, without which you can grow weary rapidly. You are individualistic (maybe too much?) and assertive. You let others strengthen and improve the constructions which you built with fervour.

Houses are split up into three groups: angular, succedent and cadent.

The first ones are the most important ones, the most "noticeable" and energetic houses. They are the 1st, 4th, 7th and 10th houses. Their cuspides correspond to four famous angles: Ascendant for the 1st house, Imum Coeli for the 4th house, Descendant, opposite the Ascendant, for the 7th house and Midheaven for the 10th house, opposite the Imum Coeli.

Planets are evaluated according to a whole set of criteria that includes comprehensive Western astrology rules. At their turn, planets emphasize specific types of houses, signs, repartitions etc., as previously explained.

Your angular houses, namely, the 1st, 4th, 7th and 10th houses, are very emphasized in your chart, Wolf-Heinrich Graf von Helldorf: according to the Tradition, they are the strongest and most dynamic houses. Should the rest of your chart concur, angular houses suggest that you are an enterprising, energetic and assertive man. Indeed, angular houses are said to generate impulsions and to give a powerful and domineering personality.

Unusual fates are often linked to a predominance of angular houses, but this is only a partial indication...

N.B.: this dominant is a minor one.

Dominants: Planets, Signs and Houses for Wolf-Heinrich Graf von Helldorf

The issue of dominant planets has existed since the mists of time in astrology: how nice it would be if a person could be described with a few words and one or several planets that would represent their character, without having to analyse such elements as rulerships, angularities, houses, etc!

The ten planets - the Sun throughout Pluto - are a bit like ten characters in a role-play, each one has its own personality, its own way of acting, its own strengths and weaknesses. They actually represent a classification into ten distinct personalities, and astrologers have always tried to associate one or several dominant planets to a natal chart as well as dominant signs and houses.

Indeed, it is quite the same situation with signs and houses. If planets symbolize characters, signs represent hues - the mental, emotional and physical structures of an individual. The sign in which a planet is posited is like a character whose features are modified according to the place where he lives. In a chart, there are usually one, two or three highlighted signs that allow to rapidly describe its owner.

Regarding astrological houses, the principle is even simpler: the twelve houses correspond to twelve fields of life, and planets tenanting any given house increase that house's importance and highlight all relevant life departments: it may be marriage, work, friendship etc.

In your natal chart, Wolf-Heinrich Graf von Helldorf, the ten main planets are distributed as follows:

The three most important planets in your chart are Mercury, Venus and Saturn.

With Mercury among your dominant planets, you are certainly cerebral, nervous, swift, curious, quick-witted, and you love to communicate. Your psychological pattern is intellectual, all the more so since Mercury is important, with its whole set of assets but also of weaknesses, obviously.

Your sensitivity, emotions, and heart's impulses give precedence to thinking, which can lead people to believe that you are a playful and witty but heartless person, intellectualizing situations and juggling with words and numbers whilst ignoring human aspects of things. Of course, it is said that cats always land on their feet - this is your Mercurian strength and your trump card!

Your weakness lies in your nervousness, and you may miss your goal because of your "over-intellectualization" that may be detrimental to other kind of energies such as instinct, spontaneity, heart, sensitivity, etc.

With Venus among your dominant planets, one of your first reflexes is... to please! Your look, your charm, and your seduction are omnipresent elements in your behaviour.

Your approach to things is connected to your heart, and for you, no real communication can flow if your interlocutors exude no sympathy or warmth. Cold and logical reasoning, clear thoughts and good sense are not important to you: if there is no affective bond with your environment, no connection can be established with the Venusian that you are, and nothing happens.

You have a strong artistic side, and you never neglect subjective but clear concepts such as pleasure, beauty, and also sensuality. However, sometimes to the detriment of efficiency, durability, logic, and... detachment.

Saturn is part of your dominant planets: among the facets of your character, you have a grave and serious side, wise and somewhat severe, since your concentration can be powerful, to the detriment of carelessness and friendliness.

You often look austere, but it is only an appearance, a kind of modesty or reserve; however, it is true that the Saturnian, who is fond of time, effort, asceticism, rigour and sobriety, may have popularity issues. Nevertheless, honesty and straightforwardness, reliability, as well as slow, wise and deep mental process, although not very popular and visible qualities, eventually become noticed and appreciated. Saturnians' second part of life is usually easier and more fulfilling.

Like the Jupiterian, your Saturnian facet prompts you to seek the essential, security, and longevity. However, the difference with the former is that you will never give priority to wealth or "the bigger, the better" philosophy for the sake of power. Saturn, like Jupiter, symbolizes social integration, and it is usually considered positive to have a harmonic Jupiter and Saturn in one's chart because of their social adaptation capacities.

Your vulnerability lies in your too serious and austere side, which may lead to unwanted loneliness and affective frustration. This generally does not last because Saturnians often hide deep down a golden heart that ends up revealing itself...

In your natal chart, the three most important signs - according to criteria mentioned above - are in decreasing order of strength Libra, Scorpio and Gemini. In general, these signs are important because your Ascendant or your Sun is located there. But this is not always the case: there may be a cluster of planets, or a planet may be near an angle other than the Midheaven or Ascendant. It may also be because two or three planets are considered to be very active because they form numerous aspects from these signs.

Thus, you display some of the three signs' characteristics, a bit like a superposition of features on the rest of your chart, and it is all the more so if the sign is emphasized.

With Libra as a dominant sign in your natal chart, you love to please, to charm, and to be likeable. Moreover, you are naturally inclined towards tolerance and moderation, as well as elegance and tact, as if you were meant to please! Of course, you always find malcontents who criticize your lack of authenticity or of courage and your half-heartedness, but your aim is to be liked, and in this field, you are an unrivalled champion!

With Scorpio as a dominant sign, you are a strong and astute person, complicated and passionate, sometimes destructive and intolerant, but strong-willed, tough and daring, sometimes bordering on aggressive. So many qualities and dangers combined in one person! Obviously, this often results in a natural selection of people around you: those who stand up to you or admire you and those who can't bear you anymore! But that is precisely what you want. You are what you are and you are not going to transform yourself just to please. You are too proud and you never dread confrontations, although your way of fighting is secret, like your nature that, mysteriously enough, you are so reluctant to reveal even to your close friends who will never understand you. That said... what a hellish charm you have!

With Gemini as a dominant sign, your qualities include being lively, curious, mobile, clever, and flexible: you often make others dizzy, and you may come across as a dilettante - a bit inquisitive, shallow, and insensitive because you may be too intellectualizing. However, your natural curiosity, a nice quality, and your quick humour, allow you to demonstrate to everyone how much they may gain from your company, and that your apparent flightiness hides an appetite (particularly mental) for life, which itself conceals a terrific charm!

The 1st, 2nd and 9th houses are the most prominent ones in your birth chart. From the analysis of the most tenanted houses, the astrologer identifies your most significant fields or spheres of activity. They deal with what you are experiencing - or what you will be brought to experience one day - or they deal with your inner motivations.

With a dominant 1st house, your magnetism is powerful, and your individuality as well as your willpower are out of the ordinary. You are a determined, strong-willed, and assertive person, with this relative criterion at least.

It is likely that you never go unnoticed when you are in a crowd or a in reunion: an important 1st house suggests that you are a charismatic person with above average vital energy, especially if the Sun is present in this sector.

Your personal interests are always important and you never forget them, which doesn't mean that you are self-centered, but only that you behave according to what is in harmony with your deep nature!

The 2nd house is among your three most tenanted houses: life's material aspects - with everything that is implied in terms of security, appetite for life, desire for possession - are deep-seated and you can never be content with living on love and fresh air. On a more abstract level, you may have similar feelings regarding relationships: possessiveness and jealousy in the worst cases, but also faithfulness and durability.

Your 9th house being one of your most tenanted house, or at least emphasized, travels and faraway places play a major role for you: travels may take place in a symbolic sense, namely mind speculations or conceptions about political matters, philosophy, religion or spirituality, or in the literal sense, such as real long distance travels by plane. It may also be that you spend a part of your life far from home, etc. You are driven by some kind of rebelliousness, which urges you to explore the Unknown; it may also be the call of the adventure. Besides, if the rest of your chart concurs, you may be considered as a real draught, often up hill and down dale, constantly on the lookout for exciting discoveries and new, enchanting horizons.

After this paragraph about dominant planets, of Wolf-Heinrich Graf von Helldorf, here are the character traits that you must read more carefully than the previous texts since they are very specific: the texts about dominant planets only give background information about the personality and remain quite general: they emphasize or, on the contrary, mitigate different particularities or facets of a personality. A human being is a complex whole and only bodies of texts can attempt to successfully figure out all the finer points.

The Moon in Capricorn and in House 4: his sensitivity

Votre sensibilité est en retrait Wolf-Heinrich Graf von Helldorf : plus que tout autre, vous avez tendance à vous enfermer dans votre tour d'ivoire, quelque part conscient d'une forme de supériorité souvent réelle mais parfois surfaite. Vos humeurs ne sont pas visibles car vous les disciplinez et les contrôlez complètement de main de maître. Difficile pour quiconque de savoir si vous êtes heureux ou contrarié, rien ou presque ne se voit. Vous fuyez les situations où vous devez dévoiler vos émotions tant vous êtes peu démonstratif. Attention, il ne s'agit pas ici de votre comportement sur le plan amoureux qui peut être tout à fait différent, mais du mode sensible quotidien par lequel vous vous exprimez. La foule vous fait peur et vous vous sentez bien dans le calme et même la solitude. Bien armé pour rester équilibré en toutes circonstances, vous gagnerez petit à petit à "vous lâcher" et donner un peu plus de vous car vous en valez la peine ; cela est  plus facile lorsqu'un projet ou une ambition sont là pour justifier une extériorisation de ce que vous ressentez. Les effusions gratuites d'émotions, particulièrement en groupe, vous sont étrangères ou refoulées car vous avez une certaine peur de vous livrer comme si vous étiez sur la défensive, sans aucune raison la plupart du temps.

Votre famille, votre foyer et souvent votre mère, Wolf-Heinrich Graf von Helldorf, ont une importance émotionnelle particulièrement forte. Vous êtes attaché plus que quiconque à vos racines et le cadre intime dans lequel vous vivez est essentiel; il est une source continue de charges affectives qui vous imprègnent... (excerpt)

Mercury in Libra and in House 12: his intellect and social life

Votre mode de pensée Wolf-Heinrich Graf von Helldorf est plutôt lent car vous avez besoin de temps et de tranquillité afin de tenir compte des idées et opinions de chacun, peser le pour et le contre et parvenir enfin à prendre la décision qui vous semble être la plus équitable, la plus juste et la plus équilibrée. En effet, refusant tout comportement fanatique et extrémiste, vous êtes toujours à la recherche du juste milieu. Mais, même si l'on s'accorde à reconnaître votre tolérance, votre sens de la logique et votre don pour la conciliation, on vous reprochera souvent une trop grande indécision et une nette tendance à toujours reporter vos choix à plus tard. Vous aurez alors parfois besoin que l'on vous encourage et que l'on vous pousse à agir pour pouvoir lutter contre cette attitude quelque peu fataliste que l'on pourrait assimiler à de la paresse. N'attendez donc pas tant l'approbation d'autrui, exprimez-vous davantage et agissez...

Vos pensées, Wolf-Heinrich Graf von Helldorf, restent souvent secrètes et pour des raisons qui viennent de votre éducation ou de votre propre nature, vous ne communiquez qu'avec discrétion et parcimonie. En fait, vous vous intéressez souvent à des buts nobles et compassionnels, sans en faire aucune publicité évidemment. Votre force... (excerpt)

Venus in Scorpio and in House 2, and the Sun in Libra: his affectivity and seductiveness

Dans votre thème, le Soleil est en Balance, Vénus en Scorpion. Vos Signes solaire et vénusien induisent des comportements affectifs complexes à souhait... Alors que l'associativité d'un Soleil Balance est légendaire, une Vénus Scorpion incite à la résistance, voire au refus. Sans doute manifestez-vous en alternance ces deux attitudes antinomiques : vous attendez d'une relation de couple qu'elle vous apporte un soutien moral et affectif, rêvant un idéal de fusion et d'harmonie. Pour cela, vous vous pensez apte à tout partager, à mettre en commun vos valeurs, vos modèles. Pourtant, vos désirs sont bien spécifiques et vos goûts particuliers. Et vous n'aimerez pas nécessairement une situation amoureuse dénuée d'antagonisme. Parce que vous savez qu'un amour se nourrit aussi de ces différences qui font l'enrichissement mutuel, vous ne laisserez pas longtemps la béate harmonie rêvée endormir la passion ! A terme, vos attitudes s'avéreront plus sélectives que prévu, et votre manière d'être plus tranchée. Le risque est alors d'adhérer à priori au mode de pensée d'un partenaire que vous ne souhaitez pas heurter, et d'éprouver ainsi un sentiment de platitude générateur de tensions. Il importe donc de veiller à respecter votre idéal de fusion et votre désir de vivre intensément la relation, contre vents et marées. Bien intégrée, cette configuration permet d'équilibrer deux tendances souvent incompatibles, d'adhérer à l'autre sans vous renier, de calmer le jeu quand il le faut sans étouffer l'exaltation des coeurs.

L'amour avec vous, Wolf-Heinrich Graf von Helldorf, n'est pas dissociable de la passion. Vos sentiments sont immédiats, impérieux, intenses, et vous ne pouvez absolument pas concevoir une relation amoureuse sans fusion avec votre partenaire, sans ce désir irrésistible de ne rien ignorer de l'autre : émotions, sentiments, sexualité, tout doit être vécu à la limite de la possessivité absolue et sans retenue. En réalité, vos sentiments sont aussi complexes qu'ils sont profonds et vous aimez rarement  mais avec une ardeur brûlante qui consume votre couple dans des ébats aussi torrides que violents. Bien sûr, ce type de sentiments aussi puissants peut mener à la jalousie et à l'exclusivité absolue, presque au contrôle de votre partenaire. Si la relation est véritable, cela se passera bien et dans le cas contraire, les risques de blessures partagées sont réels à l'intérieur de votre couple ; il est difficile de toute façon de concilier la passion et la tranquillité et il est clair que pour vous, la sérénité sentimentale passe par la rencontre d'une personne qui serait soit aussi complexe que vous et qui vous comprendrait ainsi instinctivement, soit de votre complémentaire, d'une nature aussi calme et solide que vos pulsions sont intenses et profondes.

Wolf-Heinrich Graf von Helldorf, vous faites en général un lien entre l'aspect possessif des choses et vos sentiments; pour vous, ceux-ci vont s'exprimer d'abord lentement mais vont se fixer petit à petit et prendre de la profondeur dès que vous commencez à vous attacher. Vous avez besoin alors d'être... (excerpt)

The Ascendant is in Libra and the ruler of the Ascendant is Venus, in Scorpio: his behaviour

The ruler of the Ascendant, also referred to as the chart ruler, brings a few interesting nuances to the meanings provided by the Sun and the Ascendant. The sign in which the ruler of the Ascendant is posited fine-tunes the style of personality described by the Sun and the Ascendant. It may strengthen it if the sign is identical to either of them.

The ruler of the Ascendant, Wolf-Heinrich Graf von Helldorf, is Venus. It is posited in the sign of Scorpio and makes you appreciate mysteries and the unknown. You need to understand, to solve riddles, and to take action behind the scenes, perhaps so as to be even more efficient. Your criticising skill is a weapon, but it may also backfire on you, just like your sometimes excessive obstinacy.

The Sun in Libra and in House 1: his will and inner motivations

Your sun is located in the same sign as your ascendant. Therefore, your external behaviour and your inner self are perfectly in harmony. Characteristics described in the previous chapter are strengthened and amplified.

La volonté et l'apparence réunies ! Wolf-Heinrich Graf von Helldorf, quelle chance : votre moi et votre comportement se confondent pour démultiplier votre énergie et votre vitalité. Le Soleil représentant votre affirmation et votre personnalité profonde n'en est que mieux exprimé lors de cette configuration très typée. En effet,... (excerpt)

Mars in Gemini and in House 9: his ability to take action

Wolf-Heinrich Graf von Helldorf, vous êtes d'une activité débordante sur le plan mental. Les idées se bousculent à toute vitesse et vous avez une facilité à réfléchir à plusieurs choses et surtout à les traiter en même temps. L'action sur le plan concret ou physique vous intéresse moins, car en fait une fois que vous avez "vu" une solution, sa réalisation n'importe pas tant que cela, il s'agit surtout d'avoir l'esprit en ébullition tout le temps. Cérébral et curieux, vous avez souvent une sexualité pleine de fantasmes où les idées plaisantes se mélangent avec vos désirs et sentiments pour les amplifier et les enrichir. Vous n'êtes donc pas simple mais si votre partenaire vous suit sur ce plan là, l'enjeu en vaut vraiment la peine. La joute verbale, le plaisir de débattre et le goût de la discussion sont permanents chez vous et un petit danger existe d'agacer un peu ceux ou celles qui n'auraient pas votre rapidité ou votre sens de l'humour.

Vous pouvez vous donner de toutes vos forces pour votre idéal, Wolf-Heinrich Graf von Helldorf, qu'il soit de nature politique, religieux, éthique, moral, ou bien de la forme la plus élevée c'est-à-dire spirituel. Et souvent dans plusieurs de ces domaines. Se donner de toutes vos forces signifiera souvent un goût... (excerpt)

Conclusion

This text is only an excerpt from the portrait of of Wolf-Heinrich Graf von Helldorf, which we hope will inspire you to deepen your knowledge of astrology.

Regarding the sources of the birth data in our possession, kindly note that the pages we publish constitute a starting point for more detailed research, even though they seem useful to us. When the sources are contradictory, which occurs rarely, after having analysed them, we choose the most reliable one. Sometimes, we publish a birth date just because it is made available, but we do not claim that is it the best one, by no means.