You will find below the horoscope of Ernest Mallard with his interactive chart, an excerpt of his astrological portrait and his planetary dominants.
Additional information on the source of the birth time is sometimes available in the biography excerpt below.
Horoscopes having the same Big Three (Sun in Aquarius, Moon in Leo, Ascendant in Scorpio) : Oliver Reed, Graham Nash, Raphaël Ibañez, Miguel Ferrer, Daniel Bravo, Izabella Miko, Lola Montez, Phineas Quimby, Suzanne Flon... List of all the celebrities having the same Big Three.
Horoscopes having the same aspect Venus conjunction Jupiter (orb 0°22'): Anne Hathaway, Anti-Christ, Matthew McConaughey, Halsey (singer), Steven Spielberg, RuPaul, Roman Polanski, Jane Birkin, G-Eazy... Find all the celebrities having this aspect.
Horoscopes having the same aspect Venus sextile Mars (orb 0°43'): Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex, Pamela Anderson, Robin Williams, Orlando Bloom, Meghan, Duchess of Sussex, Niall Horan, Pink (singer), Matt Damon, Gordon Ramsay... Find all the celebrities having this aspect.
Celebrities born the same day: Rosa Parks, Alice Cooper, Natalie Imbruglia, Leslie (singer), William Leymergie, Jacques Prévert, Jaejoong, Mareva Galanter, Charles Lindbergh... List of all the celebrities born on February 4.
Horoscopes having the Moon in 4° Leo : Chris Martin, Ringo Starr, Patrick Bruel, Thierry Cabot, Edmund Kemper, Antoine de Saint-Exupery, Israeli Declaration of Independence, Josh Brolin, Peter O'Toole... List of all the celebrities having the Moon in 4° Leo.
* A planet less than 1° from the next House cusp is considered to be posited in the said House. 2° when the AS and the MC are involved
Ernest-François Mallard (February 4, 1833 in Châteauneuf-sur-Cher - July 6, 1894 in Paris) was a French mineralogist and a member of the French Academy of Sciences.
Disclaimer: these short excerpts of astrological charts are computer processed. They are, by no means, of a personal nature. This principle is valid for the celebrities included in our database. These texts provide the meanings of planets, or combination of planets, in signs and in houses, as well as the interpretations of planetary dominants in line with modern Western astrology rules. Moreover, since Astrotheme is not a polemic website, no negative aspect which may damage the good reputation of a celebrity is posted here, unlike in the comprehensive astrological portrait.
Here are some character traits from Ernest Mallard's birth chart. This description is far from being comprehensive but it can shed light on his/her personality, which is still interesting for professional astrologers or astrology lovers.
In a matter of minutes, you can get at your email address your astrological portrait (approximately 32 pages), a much more comprehensive report than this portrait of Ernest Mallard.
When interpreting a natal chart, the best method is to start gradually from general features to specific ones. Thus, there is usually a plan to be followed, from the overall analysis of the chart and its structure, to the description of its different character traits.
In the first part, an overall analysis of the chart enables us to figure out the personality's main features and to emphasize several points that are confirmed or not in the detailed analysis: in any case, those general traits are taken into account. Human personality is an infinitely intricate entity and describing it is a complex task. Claiming to rapidly summarize it is illusory, although it does not mean that it is an impossible challenge. It is essential to read a natal chart several times in order to absorb all its different meanings and to grasp all this complexity. But the exercise is worthwhile.
In brief, a natal chart is composed of ten planets: two luminaries, the Sun and the Moon, three fast-moving or individual planets, Mercury, Venus and Mars, two slow-moving planets, Jupiter and Saturn, and three very slow-moving planets, Uranus, Neptune and Pluto. Additional secondary elements are: the Lunar Nodes, the Dark Moon or Lilith, Chiron and other minor objects. They are all posited on the Zodiac wheel consisting of twelve signs, from Aries to Pisces, and divided into twelve astrological houses.
The first step is to evaluate the importance of each planet. This is what we call identifying the dominant planets. This process obeys rules that depend on the astrologer's sensitivity and experience but it also has precise and steady bases: thus, we can take into account the parameters of a planet's activity (the number of active aspects a planet forms, the importance of each aspect according to its nature and its exactness), angularity parameters; (proximity to the four angles, Ascendant, Midheaven, Descendant and Imum Coeli or Nadir, all of them being evaluated numerically, according to the kind of angle and the planet-angle distance) and quality parameters (rulership, exaltation, exile and fall). Finally, other criteria such as the rulership of the Ascendant and the Midheaven etc. are important.
These different criteria allow a planet to be highlighted and lead to useful conclusions when interpreting the chart.
The overall chart analysis begins with the observation of three sorts of planetary distributions in the chart: Eastern or Western hemisphere, Northern or Southern hemisphere, and quadrants (North-eastern, North-western, South-eastern and South-western). These three distributions give a general tone in terms of introversion and extraversion, willpower, sociability, and behavioural predispositions.
Then, there are three additional distributions: elements (called triplicity since there are three groups of signs for each one) - Fire, Air, Earth and Water - corresponding to a character typology, modality (or quadruplicity with four groups of signs for each one) - Cardinal, Fixed and Mutable - and polarity (Yin and Yang).
There are three types of dominants: dominant planets, dominant signs and dominant houses. The novice thinks astrology means only "to be Aries" or sometimes, for example, "to be Aries Ascendant Virgo". It is actually far more complex. Although the Sun and the Ascendant alone may reveal a large part of the character - approximately a third or a half of your psychological signature, a person is neither "just the Sun" (called the sign) nor just "the first house" (the Ascendant). Thus, a particular planet's influence may be significantly increased; a particular sign or house may contain a group of planets that will bring nuances and sometimes weaken the role of the Ascendant, of the Sun sign etc.
Lastly, there are two other criteria: accentuations (angular, succedent and cadent) which are a classification of astrological houses and types of decanates that are occupied (each sign is divided into three decanates of ten degrees each). They provide some additional informations.
These general character traits must not be taken literally; they are, somehow, preparing for the chart reading. They allow to understand the second part of the analysis, which is more detailed and precise. It focuses on every area of the personality and provides a synthesis of all the above-mentioned parameters according to sound hierarchical rules.
Each quadrant is a combination of the four hemispheres of your birth chart and relates to a character typology. The Southern hemisphere – the top of your chart, around the Midheaven – is associated with extraversion, action, and public life, whereas the Northern hemisphere prompts to introversion, reflexion, and private life. The Eastern hemisphere – the left part, around the Ascendant – is linked to your ego and your willpower, whereas the Western hemisphere indicates how other people influence you, and how flexible you are when you make a decision.
Ernest Mallard, the nocturnal North-eastern quadrant, consisting of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd houses, prevails in your chart: this sector favours self-assertion and material security to the detriment of your perception of others. You consider self-transformation to be a hazardous adventure. You are inclined to seek stability and you tend to protect yourself with your actions. Possession, acquisition but also communication, without opening up too much, are part of your deep motivations. You are rather autonomous and constant, however it is important that you pay more attention to others, so that you can improve your outcomes.
Ernest Mallard, here are the graphs of your Elements and Modes, based on planets' position and angles in the twelve signs:
The predominance of Water signs indicates high sensitivity and elevation through feelings, Ernest Mallard. Your heart and your emotions are your driving forces, and you can't do anything on Earth if you don't feel a strong affective charge (as a matter of fact, the word "feeling" is essential in your psychology). You need to love in order to understand, and to feel in order to take action, which causes a certain vulnerability which you should fight against.
Like the majority of Earth signs, Ernest Mallard, you are efficient, concrete and not too emotional. What matters to you is what you see: you judge the tree by its fruits. Your ideas keep changing, words disappear, but actions and their consequences are visible and remain. Express your sensitivity, even if it means revealing your vulnerability. Emotions, energy and communication must not be neglected; concrete action is meaningless if it is not justified by your heart, your intellect or your enthusiasm.
The twelve zodiacal signs are split up into three groups or modes, called quadruplicities, a learned word meaning only that these three groups include four signs. The Cardinal, Fixed and Mutable modes are more or less represented in your natal chart, depending on planets' positions and importance, and on angles in the twelve signs.
The Fixed mode corresponds to a majority of elements in your chart, Ernest Mallard, and represents the desire for security and durability: you are able to concretely appreciate a situation and its stability. You definitely prefer to play the role of a loyal, obstinate and hard-working person, rather than to try new and risky experiences - beware, however, not to confuse obstinacy with intransigence. You structure, cement, and strengthen everything you find on your way: it is your nature, although you are not especially interested in swiftness: slow and steady...
Houses are split up into three groups: angular, succedent and cadent.
The first ones are the most important ones, the most "noticeable" and energetic houses. They are the 1st, 4th, 7th and 10th houses. Their cuspides correspond to four famous angles: Ascendant for the 1st house, Imum Coeli for the 4th house, Descendant, opposite the Ascendant, for the 7th house and Midheaven for the 10th house, opposite the Imum Coeli.
Planets are evaluated according to a whole set of criteria that includes comprehensive Western astrology rules. At their turn, planets emphasize specific types of houses, signs, repartitions etc., as previously explained.
Cadent houses, namely the 3rd, 6th, 9th and 12th houses, are very emphasized in your chart, Ernest Mallard. They indicate important potential for communication, adaptability and flexibility. These houses are symbolically linked to the mind and intellect. The relative weakness implied by these characteristics indicates your tendency to hesitate or to be indecisive, but also your remarkable ability to start off again, which is a nice quality, finally: you can easily get yourself out of a tight spot thanks to your mobility and casualness, in the best sense of the term. This group of houses corresponds to evolutionary characteristics of your personality. However, they are only indications and you must include them in the rest of your chart in order to see whether they are validated or not!
N.B.: this dominant is a minor one.
The issue of dominant planets has existed since the mists of time in astrology: how nice it would be if a person could be described with a few words and one or several planets that would represent their character, without having to analyse such elements as rulerships, angularities, houses, etc!
The ten planets - the Sun throughout Pluto - are a bit like ten characters in a role-play, each one has its own personality, its own way of acting, its own strengths and weaknesses. They actually represent a classification into ten distinct personalities, and astrologers have always tried to associate one or several dominant planets to a natal chart as well as dominant signs and houses.
Indeed, it is quite the same situation with signs and houses. If planets symbolize characters, signs represent hues - the mental, emotional and physical structures of an individual. The sign in which a planet is posited is like a character whose features are modified according to the place where he lives. In a chart, there are usually one, two or three highlighted signs that allow to rapidly describe its owner.
Regarding astrological houses, the principle is even simpler: the twelve houses correspond to twelve fields of life, and planets tenanting any given house increase that house's importance and highlight all relevant life departments: it may be marriage, work, friendship etc.
In your natal chart, Ernest Mallard, the ten main planets are distributed as follows:
The three most important planets in your chart are Uranus, Pluto and Venus.
Uranus is among your dominant planets: just like Neptune and Pluto, Uranian typology is less clearly defined than the so-called classical seven planets that are visible to the naked eye, from the Sun to Saturn. However, it is possible to associate your Uranian nature with a few clear characteristics: Uranus rhymes with independence, freedom, originality, or even rebelliousness and marginality, when things go wrong...
Uranus is Mercury's higher octave and as such, he borrows some of its traits of character; namely, a tendency to intellectualize situations and emotions with affective detachment, or at least jagged affectivity.
Therefore, you are certainly a passionate man who is on the lookout for any kind of action or revolutionary idea, and you are keen on new things. Uranians are never predictable, and it is especially when they are believed to be stable and well settled that... they change everything - their life, partner, and job! In fact, you are allergic to any kind of routine, although avoiding it must give way to many risks.
With Pluto as a dominant planet in your chart, you are a magnetic and mighty predator, like the Scorpio sign ruled by this planet, who needs to exert pressure on others in order to "test" them. You are always ready to evolve, to risk destruction for reconstruction - including your own - to live more intensely whilst imposing your secret authority on things and on people you encounter.
You may come across as wicked, cruel or too authoritarian, but actually you only follow your instinct, you sound people out, and you like to exert your domination simply because your vital energy is too powerful to remain inside. You are inclined to be passionate, with hidden motivations. You are sometimes misunderstood but one of your great Plutonian assets is to go successfully through each life ordeal with ever growing strength.
With Venus among your dominant planets, one of your first reflexes is... to please! Your look, your charm, and your seduction are omnipresent elements in your behaviour.
Your approach to things is connected to your heart, and for you, no real communication can flow if your interlocutors exude no sympathy or warmth. Cold and logical reasoning, clear thoughts and good sense are not important to you: if there is no affective bond with your environment, no connection can be established with the Venusian that you are, and nothing happens.
You have a strong artistic side, and you never neglect subjective but clear concepts such as pleasure, beauty, and also sensuality. However, sometimes to the detriment of efficiency, durability, logic, and... detachment.
In your natal chart, the three most important signs - according to criteria mentioned above - are in decreasing order of strength Aquarius, Leo and Pisces. In general, these signs are important because your Ascendant or your Sun is located there. But this is not always the case: there may be a cluster of planets, or a planet may be near an angle other than the Midheaven or Ascendant. It may also be because two or three planets are considered to be very active because they form numerous aspects from these signs.
Thus, you display some of the three signs' characteristics, a bit like a superposition of features on the rest of your chart, and it is all the more so if the sign is emphasized.
Aquarius is one of the most important signs in your natal chart: it endows your personality - at least one of its facets - with originality, to the point of eccentricity, in spite of a sometimes distant and humane side. Likeable and impassive at the same time, you are a paradoxical man, very hard to define because the two planets Uranus and Saturn blend their qualities to create the so complicated and endearing sign that inspires your character. Saturn's seriousness and impassivity is added to Uranus' rebellion, talent, individualism, charisma, extravagance, and unpredictability! One of your main characteristics is that you never open up on a personal basis, but you tend to do so easily in public. You are actually quite strange. Sexy and charming in public, despite your nice and sociable character, you could frustrate many of your admirers in private because of your impossibility to show deep and warm affection, emotions, tears... But appearance and reality are two different things anyway - you are a kind of a genius, or you have at least a tremendous charm with this sign. You have many friends and an active social life. If you are detached in your love life - only in this aspect, since the rest of chart will confirm it or not - this is no big deal!
With Leo as a dominant sign, you naturally shine brightly. Your dignity, your sense of honour, and your generosity can almost turn you into a solar mythological hero, a knight or a lord from the ancient times. People may blame you for your selfishness, your pride or your somewhat loud authority, but if you are self-confident, kind-hearted and strong-willed, it surely makes up for your little flaws, as long as they remain moderate...
Pisces is among your dominant signs and endows your personality with unlimited sources of emotions, dreams, imagination, and sensitivity, to the extent that you literally swim in a cloudy ocean of delightful impressions. These impressions are so intense and overwhelming that you don't really need to take action concretely, to show your dynamism or your willpower, since you already live so intensely with your feelings - you are as keen as a radar, always on the alert! That is why some people may not like your carelessness, and the lack of clarity in your opinions or actions; however they quickly notice your artistic talents, your poetic or artistic side, and your total lack of wickedness. Besides, you feel compassion for people in pain - empathy is one of your great qualities. Thanks to your flexibility, your intuition, and your generosity, you may spend an important part of your life helping others. And if you are creative or if you have well-known artistic talents, everybody will forgive your little flaws: absent-mindedness, lack of energy or of will, too dreamy temperament...
The 3rd, 5th and 9th houses are the most prominent ones in your birth chart. From the analysis of the most tenanted houses, the astrologer identifies your most significant fields or spheres of activity. They deal with what you are experiencing - or what you will be brought to experience one day - or they deal with your inner motivations.
As the 3rd house is one of the most important houses in your chart, communication plays a major role in your life or in your deep motivations: frequent short trips, open-mindedness - which may offset a lack of mutable signs for instance - listening, discussion, interest in learning, knowledge accumulation or long-term studies, etc., are all areas that greatly appeal to you and are part of your daily life.
The 5th house is one of your dominant houses: hobbies, love life, sports, and games, including speculation and all kinds of entertainment, are fields that you actually take seriously! On a more subtle level, artistic creation as well as other forms of creation - including begetting children - could be one of your assets. You gain from taking part in leisure associations and various activity clubs in which a catchword resounds more than for most people: pleasure.
Your 9th house being one of your most tenanted house, or at least emphasized, travels and faraway places play a major role for you: travels may take place in a symbolic sense, namely mind speculations or conceptions about political matters, philosophy, religion or spirituality, or in the literal sense, such as real long distance travels by plane. It may also be that you spend a part of your life far from home, etc. You are driven by some kind of rebelliousness, which urges you to explore the Unknown; it may also be the call of the adventure. Besides, if the rest of your chart concurs, you may be considered as a real draught, often up hill and down dale, constantly on the lookout for exciting discoveries and new, enchanting horizons.
After this paragraph about dominant planets, of Ernest Mallard, here are the character traits that you must read more carefully than the previous texts since they are very specific: the texts about dominant planets only give background information about the personality and remain quite general: they emphasize or, on the contrary, mitigate different particularities or facets of a personality. A human being is a complex whole and only bodies of texts can attempt to successfully figure out all the finer points.
Recherchant l'attention et l'approbation des autres, vous avez besoin Ernest Mallard d'extérioriser vos émotions, de les interpréter et même de les jouer de façon théâtrale parfois car il est essentiel pour vous d'occuper le devant de la scène et de briller. Vous souhaitez faire toujours plus sinon mieux que les autres et vous vous efforcez donc, quelle que soit la situation, de vous montrer chaleureux, généreux, loyal, honnête, droit et courageux. Vous êtes toujours disponible quand on a besoin de votre aide ou de vos conseils et vous êtes fier et heureux de pouvoir rendre service. Attention toutefois à ne pas trop imposer votre présence légèrement dominatrice ! Vous n'êtes pas toujours indispensable et l'on pourrait vous reprocher de vous comporter de manière quelque peu égocentrique et autoritaire quand vous tentez de prendre les choses en main sans tenir compte de l'avis des personnes qui vous entourent. Il serait dommage de donner de vous cette image alors que, manquant peut-être de confiance en vous, vous cherchez tout simplement à vous rassurer...
Vos émotions, Ernest Mallard, vous poussent à expérimenter ce qui est lointain et étranger à vos racines. Vous êtes attiré en effet par l'inconnu ou ce qui est différent de vous, et c'est beaucoup en dehors des frontières que vous constatez que votre émotivité est exaltée ou... (excerpt)
Vous avez besoin Ernest Mallard de vous concentrer sur un sujet, d'approfondir votre recherche et d'aller au bout de votre raisonnement avec persévérance et détermination. Vous êtes le type même du penseur qui a besoin de temps et souvent même d'isolement pour méditer longuement et laisser son esprit sérieux, méthodique et rigoureux donner sa pleine mesure. Mais vous avez également les pieds sur terre et les idées devront être suivies d'applications concrètes pour susciter votre intérêt, comme par exemple les mathématiques appliquées à la physique. Privilégiant l'essentiel, vous portez un regard lucide sur le monde qui vous entoure même si vous parlez peu et préférez agir avec prudence. On pourra peut-être vous trouver froid et ambitieux mais vos propos seront toujours sincères et empreints de bon sens. Prenez garde cependant à ne pas trop vous fermer aux autres en vous montrant comme quelqu'un de parfois hautain et intolérant...
Communiquer, réfléchir, bouger : tout cela correspond à vos goûts naturels et parfois même au détriment des résultats concrets qui ne vous intéressent finalement pas tant que cela. Quoi qu'il en soit, Ernest Mallard, vous excellez dans les activités où la communication, la réflexion et la mobilité... (excerpt)
Dans votre thème, le Soleil est en Verseau, Vénus en Poissons. A la faculté d'émerveillement et l'enthousiasme du Verseau se mêlent la sensibilité particulière et le détachement d'une Vénus Poissons. Deux modes antinomiques s'affrontent ici : l'optimisme et l'idéalisme Verseau, l'insolite lucidité des Poissons. Votre Signe vénusien met l'accent sur l'extrême subtilité de vos désirs et émotions. Insaisissable, votre sensibilité ne saurait se nourrir de relations rudimentaires, grossières... Ce qu'on aime ou ce qu'on rejette ne dépend pas tant de la logique des situations que d'une indicible intuition. Si le Verseau s'émerveille et fait preuve d'un idéalisme louable, les Poissons ont tôt fait de rappeler le caractère fragile de toute relation. L'amour ne tient qu'à un fil. Il serait illusoire de perdre de vue la précarité du coeur, et sans doute préjudiciable à votre équilibre. Car plus que d'autres, vous rejetez les certitudes préfabriquées, les amours sans risque, sans défi, sans devenir. La complexité de vos comportements affectifs peut dérouter : passant de l'émerveillement à la distance, de l'enthousiasme au refus, vous savez mieux que quiconque manier l'art du paradoxe. L'amour n'est jamais simple. Et s'il l'est, c'est peut-être déjà la fin. Un tel duo zodiacal tire sa force d'une capacité à transformer, réinventer les règles du jeu. Sans que jamais les normes en place ne viennent étouffer le libre cours de votre sensibilité.
La compassion et le don de vous-même : c'est sur ce mode romanesque que vous aimez et que vous souhaitez exprimer vos sentiments dont l'intensité en réalité n'a pas de limite, Ernest Mallard. Avec exaltation et imagination vous rêvez autant que vous vivez vos relations amoureuses et la frontière entre le concret et vos espérances immenses est si ténue que vous ne savez plus vous-même parfois où elle se trouve, encore que votre sensualité particulièrement riche vous pousse à vivre concrètement ce que vous ressentez. Vous cherchez la communion et la passion avec votre partenaire et les envolées lyriques de vos sentiments déferlent de votre coeur par vagues sans que vous ne puissiez les contrôler, d'ailleurs vous n'en avez aucune envie car elles vous procurent une joie réelle presque voluptueuse et charnelle. Vous donnez beaucoup - parfois trop - et vous vous donnez vous-même entièrement, presque sans pudeur, livrant totalement votre vulnérabilité dans vos échanges amoureux parce que vous êtes sûr de la qualité et de la puissance de vos sentiments : ils sont si puissants et si envahissants que vous êtes certain qu'aucune barrière ne peut leur résister.
Ernest Mallard, avec une affinité certaine entre maison et planète, votre Vénus se trouve ici très à l'aise pour donner le meilleur d'elle-même en terme de puissance des sentiments, création artistique, goût pour les loisirs, activités récréatives, dons pour les arts plastiques ou la musique et même... (excerpt)
The ruler of the Ascendant, also referred to as the chart ruler, brings a few interesting nuances to the meanings provided by the Sun and the Ascendant. The sign in which the ruler of the Ascendant is posited fine-tunes the style of personality described by the Sun and the Ascendant. It may strengthen it if the sign is identical to either of them.
The ruler of the Ascendant, Ernest Mallard, is Pluto. It is located in Aries and adds a note of rapidity and impulsiveness into your chart. You have a spontaneous and enterprising side which prompts you to take action quickly and to be a pioneer. However, as a consequence of this refreshing impetuosity, you may get bored quite quickly and move on to something else if you lose your enthusiasm.
Vous êtes d'une mobilité intellectuelle et d'une curiosité remarquables, Ernest Mallard. Toute votre volonté est au service de votre soif inépuisable de connaissances et de contacts. Vous êtes attiré par la communication et les métiers dans lesquels vous avez l'impression de bouger et d'exprimer vos idées comme... (excerpt)
Ernest Mallard, votre façon d'agir gagne en puissance et en précision ce qu'elle perd en rapidité et en spontanéité. Vous êtes un "lent", certes, mais lorsque vous vous mettez en besogne, vous y mettez toute votre ingéniosité et votre persévérance et vous avez l'amour du travail bien fait. A l'arrivée finalement, vous êtes souvent gagnant par cette façon de faire. Sexuellement, vous êtes ainsi généreux et instinctif et votre lenteur n'enlève rien, elle peut même sans doute vous apporter des satisfactions ainsi surtout qu'à votre partenaire ! Dans vos relations amoureuses ainsi d'ailleurs que dans tous vos échanges relationnels en général, vous êtes du genre à garder pour vous ce qui ne va pas car vous êtes extrêmement patient ; vous ne dites rien, encaissez jusqu'à ce que vous explosiez dans des colères aussi violentes qu'elles sont, dieu merci, très rares.
Vous avez tendance à concevoir toute relation avec autrui comme un petit peu un duel où l'un des deux doit nécessairement prendre l'ascendant sur l'autre, Ernest Mallard. C'est un peu gênant forcément dans certains cas… mais cela vous donne souvent satisfaction car naturellement, cette façon de vivre... (excerpt)
This text is only an excerpt from the portrait of of Ernest Mallard, which we hope will inspire you to deepen your knowledge of astrology.
Regarding the sources of the birth data in our possession, kindly note that the pages we publish constitute a starting point for more detailed research, even though they seem useful to us. When the sources are contradictory, which occurs rarely, after having analysed them, we choose the most reliable one. Sometimes, we publish a birth date just because it is made available, but we do not claim that is it the best one, by no means.