You will find below the horoscope of Luke Goss with his interactive chart, an excerpt of his astrological portrait and his planetary dominants.
Additional information on the source of the birth time is sometimes available in the biography excerpt below.
Horoscopes having the same Big Three (Sun in Libra, Moon in Capricorn, Ascendant in Pisces) : Jennifer Freeman, Girolamo Savonarola, Matt Goss, Umberto Boccioni, Edouard Detaille, Philippe Pemezec, Paul Bert, Jacques Renouvin, Gustave Schlumberger... List of all the celebrities having the same Big Three.
Horoscopes having the same aspect Jupiter opposite Ascendant (orb 0°14'): Charles Manson, Kendrick Lamar, Dominique Strauss-Kahn, Ville Valo, Ricky Martin, Shania Twain, Michael B. Jordan, Jessica Chastain, Jessica Lange... Find all the celebrities having this aspect.
Horoscopes having the same aspect Venus sextile Mars (orb 1°16'): Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex, Pamela Anderson, Robin Williams, Orlando Bloom, Meghan, Duchess of Sussex, Niall Horan, Pink (singer), Matt Damon, Gordon Ramsay... Find all the celebrities having this aspect.
Celebrities born the same day: Halsey (singer), Silvio Berlusconi, Kevin Durant, Michelangelo Antonioni, Yves Rénier, Caravaggio (artist), Mylène Demongeot, Anita Ekberg, Jerry Lee Lewis... List of all the celebrities born on September 29.
Horoscopes having the Moon in 13° Capricorn : Johnny Depp, Liv Tyler, Ozzy Osbourne, Ayrton Senna, Charles Aznavour, David Spade, Johnny Carson, Lee Harvey Oswald, Tina Knowles... List of all the celebrities having the Moon in 13° Capricorn.
* A planet less than 1° from the next House cusp is considered to be posited in the said House. 2° when the AS and the MC are involved
Luke Damon Goss is a singer and actor from England, born 29 September 1968. Along with twin brother Matt Goss, he started his career with the highly successful 1980s boy band Bros. In total he has charted no fewer than 13 hit singles in his homeland.
When Bros broke up in the early 1990s, Goss embarked on a solo career and also formed Luke Goss and the Band Of Thieves. His highly successful autobiography, "I Owe You Nothing" was a top 10 best seller book, and had three printings. He also began to appear in stage musicals including Grease and What a Feeling!, and has turned to acting in films full-time, with his first most notable role being the villain Jared Nomak in the Hollywood box office hit Blade II.
Disclaimer: these short excerpts of astrological charts are computer processed. They are, by no means, of a personal nature. This principle is valid for the celebrities included in our database. These texts provide the meanings of planets, or combination of planets, in signs and in houses, as well as the interpretations of planetary dominants in line with modern Western astrology rules. Moreover, since Astrotheme is not a polemic website, no negative aspect which may damage the good reputation of a celebrity is posted here, unlike in the comprehensive astrological portrait.
Here are some character traits from Luke Goss's birth chart. This description is far from being comprehensive but it can shed light on his/her personality, which is still interesting for professional astrologers or astrology lovers.
In a matter of minutes, you can get at your email address your astrological portrait (approximately 32 pages), a much more comprehensive report than this portrait of Luke Goss.
When interpreting a natal chart, the best method is to start gradually from general features to specific ones. Thus, there is usually a plan to be followed, from the overall analysis of the chart and its structure, to the description of its different character traits.
In the first part, an overall analysis of the chart enables us to figure out the personality's main features and to emphasize several points that are confirmed or not in the detailed analysis: in any case, those general traits are taken into account. Human personality is an infinitely intricate entity and describing it is a complex task. Claiming to rapidly summarize it is illusory, although it does not mean that it is an impossible challenge. It is essential to read a natal chart several times in order to absorb all its different meanings and to grasp all this complexity. But the exercise is worthwhile.
In brief, a natal chart is composed of ten planets: two luminaries, the Sun and the Moon, three fast-moving or individual planets, Mercury, Venus and Mars, two slow-moving planets, Jupiter and Saturn, and three very slow-moving planets, Uranus, Neptune and Pluto. Additional secondary elements are: the Lunar Nodes, the Dark Moon or Lilith, Chiron and other minor objects. They are all posited on the Zodiac wheel consisting of twelve signs, from Aries to Pisces, and divided into twelve astrological houses.
The first step is to evaluate the importance of each planet. This is what we call identifying the dominant planets. This process obeys rules that depend on the astrologer's sensitivity and experience but it also has precise and steady bases: thus, we can take into account the parameters of a planet's activity (the number of active aspects a planet forms, the importance of each aspect according to its nature and its exactness), angularity parameters; (proximity to the four angles, Ascendant, Midheaven, Descendant and Imum Coeli or Nadir, all of them being evaluated numerically, according to the kind of angle and the planet-angle distance) and quality parameters (rulership, exaltation, exile and fall). Finally, other criteria such as the rulership of the Ascendant and the Midheaven etc. are important.
These different criteria allow a planet to be highlighted and lead to useful conclusions when interpreting the chart.
The overall chart analysis begins with the observation of three sorts of planetary distributions in the chart: Eastern or Western hemisphere, Northern or Southern hemisphere, and quadrants (North-eastern, North-western, South-eastern and South-western). These three distributions give a general tone in terms of introversion and extraversion, willpower, sociability, and behavioural predispositions.
Then, there are three additional distributions: elements (called triplicity since there are three groups of signs for each one) - Fire, Air, Earth and Water - corresponding to a character typology, modality (or quadruplicity with four groups of signs for each one) - Cardinal, Fixed and Mutable - and polarity (Yin and Yang).
There are three types of dominants: dominant planets, dominant signs and dominant houses. The novice thinks astrology means only "to be Aries" or sometimes, for example, "to be Aries Ascendant Virgo". It is actually far more complex. Although the Sun and the Ascendant alone may reveal a large part of the character - approximately a third or a half of your psychological signature, a person is neither "just the Sun" (called the sign) nor just "the first house" (the Ascendant). Thus, a particular planet's influence may be significantly increased; a particular sign or house may contain a group of planets that will bring nuances and sometimes weaken the role of the Ascendant, of the Sun sign etc.
Lastly, there are two other criteria: accentuations (angular, succedent and cadent) which are a classification of astrological houses and types of decanates that are occupied (each sign is divided into three decanates of ten degrees each). They provide some additional informations.
These general character traits must not be taken literally; they are, somehow, preparing for the chart reading. They allow to understand the second part of the analysis, which is more detailed and precise. It focuses on every area of the personality and provides a synthesis of all the above-mentioned parameters according to sound hierarchical rules.
Each quadrant is a combination of the four hemispheres of your birth chart and relates to a character typology. The Southern hemisphere – the top of your chart, around the Midheaven – is associated with extraversion, action, and public life, whereas the Northern hemisphere prompts to introversion, reflexion, and private life. The Eastern hemisphere – the left part, around the Ascendant – is linked to your ego and your willpower, whereas the Western hemisphere indicates how other people influence you, and how flexible you are when you make a decision.
Luke Goss, the diurnal South-western quadrant, consisting of the 7th, 8th and 9th houses, prevails in your chart: this sector brings about a thirst for communication and sometimes a need to take risks in your dealings with others. Relations are a factor of your evolution and your transformation, which you accept serenely. Indeed, what matters to you is the movement and the energy that link you to others and that make you gain more awareness. A kind of rebellion or a desire to get away from it all is rooted in you.
Luke Goss, here are the graphs of your Elements and Modes, based on planets' position and angles in the twelve signs:
Like the majority of Earth signs, Luke Goss, you are efficient, concrete and not too emotional. What matters to you is what you see: you judge the tree by its fruits. Your ideas keep changing, words disappear, but actions and their consequences are visible and remain. Express your sensitivity, even if it means revealing your vulnerability. Emotions, energy and communication must not be neglected; concrete action is meaningless if it is not justified by your heart, your intellect or your enthusiasm.
The predominance of Water signs indicates high sensitivity and elevation through feelings, Luke Goss. Your heart and your emotions are your driving forces, and you can't do anything on Earth if you don't feel a strong affective charge (as a matter of fact, the word "feeling" is essential in your psychology). You need to love in order to understand, and to feel in order to take action, which causes a certain vulnerability which you should fight against.
The twelve zodiacal signs are split up into three groups or modes, called quadruplicities, a learned word meaning only that these three groups include four signs. The Cardinal, Fixed and Mutable modes are more or less represented in your natal chart, depending on planets' positions and importance, and on angles in the twelve signs.
The Mutable mode is the most emphasized one in your natal chart, Luke Goss, which indicates a mobile character that is curious and thirsty for new experiences and evolution. You are lively and flexible, and you like to react quickly to solicitations, but don't confuse mobility with agitation, since this is the danger with this configuration - and with you, stagnation is out of the question. Security doesn't matter as long as you are not bored. You optimize, you change things, you change yourself... all this in a speedy way.
Houses are split up into three groups: angular, succedent and cadent.
The first ones are the most important ones, the most "noticeable" and energetic houses. They are the 1st, 4th, 7th and 10th houses. Their cuspides correspond to four famous angles: Ascendant for the 1st house, Imum Coeli for the 4th house, Descendant, opposite the Ascendant, for the 7th house and Midheaven for the 10th house, opposite the Imum Coeli.
Planets are evaluated according to a whole set of criteria that includes comprehensive Western astrology rules. At their turn, planets emphasize specific types of houses, signs, repartitions etc., as previously explained.
Your angular houses, namely, the 1st, 4th, 7th and 10th houses, are very emphasized in your chart, Luke Goss: according to the Tradition, they are the strongest and most dynamic houses. Should the rest of your chart concur, angular houses suggest that you are an enterprising, energetic and assertive man. Indeed, angular houses are said to generate impulsions and to give a powerful and domineering personality.
Unusual fates are often linked to a predominance of angular houses, but this is only a partial indication...
N.B.: this dominant is a minor one.
The issue of dominant planets has existed since the mists of time in astrology: how nice it would be if a person could be described with a few words and one or several planets that would represent their character, without having to analyse such elements as rulerships, angularities, houses, etc!
The ten planets - the Sun throughout Pluto - are a bit like ten characters in a role-play, each one has its own personality, its own way of acting, its own strengths and weaknesses. They actually represent a classification into ten distinct personalities, and astrologers have always tried to associate one or several dominant planets to a natal chart as well as dominant signs and houses.
Indeed, it is quite the same situation with signs and houses. If planets symbolize characters, signs represent hues - the mental, emotional and physical structures of an individual. The sign in which a planet is posited is like a character whose features are modified according to the place where he lives. In a chart, there are usually one, two or three highlighted signs that allow to rapidly describe its owner.
Regarding astrological houses, the principle is even simpler: the twelve houses correspond to twelve fields of life, and planets tenanting any given house increase that house's importance and highlight all relevant life departments: it may be marriage, work, friendship etc.
In your natal chart, Luke Goss, the ten main planets are distributed as follows:
The three most important planets in your chart are Jupiter, Pluto and Neptune.
Jupiter, the planet of expansion, organization, power and benevolence, is quite emphasized in your chart. Like any Jupiterian, you are warm, open, sociable, consensual, active and optimistic. You can use your self-confidence to erase differences of opinion, and you leave the task of analyzing and perfecting things to specialists. Your role, and you know it since you were young, is to gather, to demonstrate your synthesizing and conciliatory mind, and to naturally reap its fruits - power.
You appreciate legality, social order but also order in general. With you as a leader, every plan or human entity can be organized and structured. You excel at supervising. The Jupiterian type is indeed the politician par excellence, and a positive Jupiter in your chart is synonymous with good integration into society, whatever the chosen path.
Is this idyllic picture really perfect? Certainly not: each planet's typology has its own weaknesses. One of yours is pride, like the Solarian, but your will of expansion at all costs may generate a form of exaggeration in everything, endless pleasure, inappropriate self-confidence that could lead you to rough materialism and the thirst for absurd material comfort - in the worst cases, of course.
With Pluto as a dominant planet in your chart, you are a magnetic and mighty predator, like the Scorpio sign ruled by this planet, who needs to exert pressure on others in order to "test" them. You are always ready to evolve, to risk destruction for reconstruction - including your own - to live more intensely whilst imposing your secret authority on things and on people you encounter.
You may come across as wicked, cruel or too authoritarian, but actually you only follow your instinct, you sound people out, and you like to exert your domination simply because your vital energy is too powerful to remain inside. You are inclined to be passionate, with hidden motivations. You are sometimes misunderstood but one of your great Plutonian assets is to go successfully through each life ordeal with ever growing strength.
With Neptune as one of your three dominant planets, you are a secretive and ambiguous person, often confused or unclear about your own motivations! Indeed, you are endowed with unlimited imagination and inspiration, as well as with an extreme sensibility that may turn you into a psychic or a clairvoyant. On the other hand, your impressionability is such that you may have difficulties in separating what is concrete and solid from illusions or dreams.
A mystic, a visionary or a poet, you daydream, like any Neptunian, and you see what few people only can see, all of this being shrouded in aesthetic mists when you are fired with enthusiasm.
A boundless, infinity-loving man like you is inevitably likely to be more vulnerable and easily hurt because of your acute perception of events. In such cases, you are hit full in the face, and you may sink into gloomy daydreamings and dark melancholy.
That said, this mysterious aura definitely gives you an indefinable charm in the eyes of your close friends who are often fascinated by your unique ability to feel and to see what ordinary people can never see!
In your natal chart, the three most important signs - according to criteria mentioned above - are in decreasing order of strength Virgo, Scorpio and Libra. In general, these signs are important because your Ascendant or your Sun is located there. But this is not always the case: there may be a cluster of planets, or a planet may be near an angle other than the Midheaven or Ascendant. It may also be because two or three planets are considered to be very active because they form numerous aspects from these signs.
Thus, you display some of the three signs' characteristics, a bit like a superposition of features on the rest of your chart, and it is all the more so if the sign is emphasized.
Virgo, associated with perfectionism, numbers and reason, is among your dominant signs: you inherit its sense of responsibility and tidiness, a clear mind, an unfailing logic, as well as a need to be useful and to fulfil your task to the best of your abilities. Obviously, people may think that you are too modest or reserved, suspicious or pessimistic because of your exceedingly critical mind, but aren't logic and wisdom great qualities? Of course, they are. Moreover, you keep your feet on the ground, you never behave irrationally and you are helpful and hardworking - what more can you ask for?!
With Scorpio as a dominant sign, you are a strong and astute person, complicated and passionate, sometimes destructive and intolerant, but strong-willed, tough and daring, sometimes bordering on aggressive. So many qualities and dangers combined in one person! Obviously, this often results in a natural selection of people around you: those who stand up to you or admire you and those who can't bear you anymore! But that is precisely what you want. You are what you are and you are not going to transform yourself just to please. You are too proud and you never dread confrontations, although your way of fighting is secret, like your nature that, mysteriously enough, you are so reluctant to reveal even to your close friends who will never understand you. That said... what a hellish charm you have!
With Libra as a dominant sign in your natal chart, you love to please, to charm, and to be likeable. Moreover, you are naturally inclined towards tolerance and moderation, as well as elegance and tact, as if you were meant to please! Of course, you always find malcontents who criticize your lack of authenticity or of courage and your half-heartedness, but your aim is to be liked, and in this field, you are an unrivalled champion!
The 7th, 8th and 10th houses are the most prominent ones in your birth chart. From the analysis of the most tenanted houses, the astrologer identifies your most significant fields or spheres of activity. They deal with what you are experiencing - or what you will be brought to experience one day - or they deal with your inner motivations.
Your 7th house is one of your dominant houses: it symbolizes other people, marriages, associations, contracts, and partnerships. Your personal achievement and maybe your problems - depending on the rest of your chart - are mainly influenced by your rapports with others, the area in which you tend to commit yourself a lot. You appreciate communication, and you give importance to others' opinions. Success requires the support of others, which seems obvious and natural to you. Your marriage generally contributes to your fulfilment.
Your 8th house is very highlighted: it is the most complex house of the Zodiac. It symbolizes above all passion and transformation, which often go hand in hand. Indeed, you have a tendency to experience everything to the bitter end, and you overstep propriety borders because you want to understand everything, even what is... forbidden. This house relates to complex spheres such as sexuality, possessions and dispossessions that don't depend on you (inheritances, donations, sudden financial losses), death too - not yours in particular, so, don't worry! - and understanding of hidden or occult things: here are the fields that affect you generally, because you are naturally interested in them or because life gets you involved in spite of yourself.
With a prominent 10th house, your destiny's achievement may be very notable: the 10th house represents your career, your public life, and your ambitions. A good deal of your energy may thus be used to successfully implement what you have in mind. Instinctively, you are very keen to make your dreams come true. Sooner or later, you will deal with the public, and your personal achievement will go through trials and ordeals: other people and visible actions.
After this paragraph about dominant planets, of Luke Goss, here are the character traits that you must read more carefully than the previous texts since they are very specific: the texts about dominant planets only give background information about the personality and remain quite general: they emphasize or, on the contrary, mitigate different particularities or facets of a personality. A human being is a complex whole and only bodies of texts can attempt to successfully figure out all the finer points.
Votre sensibilité est en retrait Luke Goss : plus que tout autre, vous avez tendance à vous enfermer dans votre tour d'ivoire, quelque part conscient d'une forme de supériorité souvent réelle mais parfois surfaite. Vos humeurs ne sont pas visibles car vous les disciplinez et les contrôlez complètement de main de maître. Difficile pour quiconque de savoir si vous êtes heureux ou contrarié, rien ou presque ne se voit. Vous fuyez les situations où vous devez dévoiler vos émotions tant vous êtes peu démonstratif. Attention, il ne s'agit pas ici de votre comportement sur le plan amoureux qui peut être tout à fait différent, mais du mode sensible quotidien par lequel vous vous exprimez. La foule vous fait peur et vous vous sentez bien dans le calme et même la solitude. Bien armé pour rester équilibré en toutes circonstances, vous gagnerez petit à petit à "vous lâcher" et donner un peu plus de vous car vous en valez la peine ; cela est plus facile lorsqu'un projet ou une ambition sont là pour justifier une extériorisation de ce que vous ressentez. Les effusions gratuites d'émotions, particulièrement en groupe, vous sont étrangères ou refoulées car vous avez une certaine peur de vous livrer comme si vous étiez sur la défensive, sans aucune raison la plupart du temps.
Votre carrière ou votre accomplissement professionnel, Luke Goss, sont les domaines où vos émotions vont pouvoir être abondamment canalisées. Souvent populaire, notamment auprès des femmes, vous avez en vous l'instinct de plaire au public et à la foule. Cette popularité est souvent due à votre côté changeant, léger,... (excerpt)
Vous êtes Luke Goss le type même du chercheur doté de grandes possibilités intellectuelles et imaginatives et d'une curiosité profonde. La recherche, les énigmes et les mystères vous passionnent et grâce à votre flair et votre intuition remarquables, vous cherchez à traquer sans fin la vérité, quels que soient les domaines, comme le feraient un psychanalyste ou un détective. Vous êtes cependant quelqu'un de très secret, plutôt introverti, qui éprouve des difficultés à se livrer et préfère souvent l'auto-analyse. Très lucide pour comprendre les mécanismes de chacun, vous avez pourtant du mal à communiquer : votre esprit critique teinté d'ironie et de causticité peut se montrer destructeur, d'autant que, plus que déterminé et obstiné, vous n'aimez pas céder. Vous aimez provoquer et pratiquez assez bien la contradiction et même si l'on vous trouve de mauvaise foi, il sera difficile de vous prendre en défaut.
La communication avec autrui est votre point fort, Luke Goss : toute votre intelligence va pouvoir être utilisée pour arriver à des accords, compromis, ou contrats. Vous êtes un négociateur né, du moins vous essayez de l'être car mentalement, vous avez du mal à penser en terme... (excerpt)
Dans votre thème, le Soleil est en Balance, Vénus en Scorpion. Vos Signes solaire et vénusien induisent des comportements affectifs complexes à souhait... Alors que l'associativité d'un Soleil Balance est légendaire, une Vénus Scorpion incite à la résistance, voire au refus. Sans doute manifestez-vous en alternance ces deux attitudes antinomiques : vous attendez d'une relation de couple qu'elle vous apporte un soutien moral et affectif, rêvant un idéal de fusion et d'harmonie. Pour cela, vous vous pensez apte à tout partager, à mettre en commun vos valeurs, vos modèles. Pourtant, vos désirs sont bien spécifiques et vos goûts particuliers. Et vous n'aimerez pas nécessairement une situation amoureuse dénuée d'antagonisme. Parce que vous savez qu'un amour se nourrit aussi de ces différences qui font l'enrichissement mutuel, vous ne laisserez pas longtemps la béate harmonie rêvée endormir la passion ! A terme, vos attitudes s'avéreront plus sélectives que prévu, et votre manière d'être plus tranchée. Le risque est alors d'adhérer à priori au mode de pensée d'un partenaire que vous ne souhaitez pas heurter, et d'éprouver ainsi un sentiment de platitude générateur de tensions. Il importe donc de veiller à respecter votre idéal de fusion et votre désir de vivre intensément la relation, contre vents et marées. Bien intégrée, cette configuration permet d'équilibrer deux tendances souvent incompatibles, d'adhérer à l'autre sans vous renier, de calmer le jeu quand il le faut sans étouffer l'exaltation des coeurs.
L'amour avec vous, Luke Goss, n'est pas dissociable de la passion. Vos sentiments sont immédiats, impérieux, intenses, et vous ne pouvez absolument pas concevoir une relation amoureuse sans fusion avec votre partenaire, sans ce désir irrésistible de ne rien ignorer de l'autre : émotions, sentiments, sexualité, tout doit être vécu à la limite de la possessivité absolue et sans retenue. En réalité, vos sentiments sont aussi complexes qu'ils sont profonds et vous aimez rarement mais avec une ardeur brûlante qui consume votre couple dans des ébats aussi torrides que violents. Bien sûr, ce type de sentiments aussi puissants peut mener à la jalousie et à l'exclusivité absolue, presque au contrôle de votre partenaire. Si la relation est véritable, cela se passera bien et dans le cas contraire, les risques de blessures partagées sont réels à l'intérieur de votre couple ; il est difficile de toute façon de concilier la passion et la tranquillité et il est clair que pour vous, la sérénité sentimentale passe par la rencontre d'une personne qui serait soit aussi complexe que vous et qui vous comprendrait ainsi instinctivement, soit de votre complémentaire, d'une nature aussi calme et solide que vos pulsions sont intenses et profondes.
Luke Goss, votre chaleur et votre séduction sont au service de votre futur ou actuel mariage ! Vénus en maison 7 vous apporte un aspect d'engagement, de demande de réciprocité et de concret dans l'expression de vos sentiments, et fait naturellement place belle à votre désir d'être... (excerpt)
The ruler of the Ascendant, also referred to as the chart ruler, brings a few interesting nuances to the meanings provided by the Sun and the Ascendant. The sign in which the ruler of the Ascendant is posited fine-tunes the style of personality described by the Sun and the Ascendant. It may strengthen it if the sign is identical to either of them.
The ruler of the Ascendant, Luke Goss, is Neptune. It is posited in the sign of Scorpio and makes you appreciate mysteries and the unknown. You need to understand, to solve riddles, and to take action behind the scenes, perhaps so as to be even more efficient. Your criticising skill is a weapon, but it may also backfire on you, just like your sometimes excessive obstinacy.
Luke Goss, vous n'avez de cesse pour vous affirmer que de multiplier les rapports avec les autres. Votre ambition, même si elle n'est pas comprise pour vous de façon consciente très tôt dans l'existence, est de briller par la relation avec autrui. Cela peut prendre la forme d'une... (excerpt)
Luke Goss, vous savez à merveille utiliser votre énergie telle une flèche qui atteint sa cible avec précision : vous avez un oeil de lynx et l'acuité de votre esprit vous porte à agir avec méticulosité et efficacité. Comme un chirurgien avec son scalpel, vous savez exactement ce que vous souhaitez faire et vous faites évidemment partie des spécialistes et non des généralistes. Critique, pointilleux, extrêmement organisé, vous aimez prévoir et analyser, préférez maîtriser trop votre sujet que pas assez, même si vous devez y mettre le prix d'un effort soutenu et durable. Sexuellement, vous gardez un certain souci maniaque de la propreté et êtes souvent prédisposé à certains fantasmes de type fétichiste. Votre vie amoureuse se passe généralement très bien si vous évitez les imprévus dont vous avez horreur.
C'est dans le contexte quotidien de votre travail que vous vous montrez le plus actif et batailleur, Luke Goss. Ou dans votre vie quotidienne tout simplement si vous ne travaillez pas. Vous avez une grande capacité de travail, vous vous donnez à fond dans le service aux autres... (excerpt)
This text is only an excerpt from the portrait of of Luke Goss, which we hope will inspire you to deepen your knowledge of astrology.
Regarding the sources of the birth data in our possession, kindly note that the pages we publish constitute a starting point for more detailed research, even though they seem useful to us. When the sources are contradictory, which occurs rarely, after having analysed them, we choose the most reliable one. Sometimes, we publish a birth date just because it is made available, but we do not claim that is it the best one, by no means.